The French Revolution: How Protest Can Lead to Lasting Change

Humaira Naz
12 min readMar 24, 2023

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Source: DE AGOSTINI PICTURE LIBRARY

The French Revolution of 1789 was an event of immense historical significance, but it was also a powerful reminder of the power of protests to effect lasting change. As the people of France rose against oppressive rulers and class structures, they sought to create a more democratic and egalitarian society.

By overthrowing the monarchy and establishing the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen, the revolutionaries sought to create a lasting change from the protest. As history has shown, the French Revolution ultimately did lead to massive social and political transformation, and it remains an example of the power of protest to bring about meaningful and lasting change.

Even today, people worldwide look to the French Revolution and its power of protest when they seek to make their voices heard and bring about their desired change.

The storming of the Bastille on July 14, 1789, sparked the French Revolution that would reverberate throughout Europe and have a lasting effect on the world. The Causes of the French Revolution were rooted in the deep inequalities between the classes in French society.

Revolutionaries embraced the Enlightenment philosophies of the 18th century, including ideas about the rights of the people and their ability to effect change. The feudal system, rampant poverty, and taxation policies that favored the wealthy all contributed to the discontent that drove the revolutionaries to action.

The social divisions between the nobility and the commoners were clear and could not be ignored. The ever-growing power of the state, and the disregard for the people’s grievances, were just some of the causes of the French Revolution.

The revolt of the people against their oppression and lack of representation, and their willingness to take up arms in the name of liberty, showed a determination to bring about lasting change and affect the nation’s future. The legacy of the French Revolution is seen in the revolutions and uprisings that followed it and in the Constitution of France, which is still in place today.

The French Revolution is an example of how protest can have lasting change and effect throughout history.

The French Revolution of 1789 was an event of immense historical significance, but it was also a powerful reminder of the power of protests to effect lasting change. As the people of France rose against oppressive rulers and class structures, they sought to create a more democratic and egalitarian society.

By overthrowing the monarchy and establishing the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen, the revolutionaries sought to create a lasting change from the protest. As history has shown, the French Revolution ultimately did lead to massive social and political transformation, and it remains an example of the power of protest to bring about meaningful and lasting change.

Even today, people worldwide look to the French Revolution and its power of protest when they seek to make their voices heard and bring about their desired change.

Causes of Revolution

The causes of the French Revolution were complex and varied, clearly having immediate and long-term effects. On the surface, it is easy to recognize the social and economic disparities between the Third Estate and the rest of the population that sparked the initial revolt.

Source: French Society During the Late Eighteenth Century
French Class system before the revolution

But in reality, the French Revolution resulted from a long-term buildup of social and economic tensions that had been boiling underneath the surface of French society. The monarchy, aristocracy, and church had long held a monopoly on power and wealth, and the social reform movement of the 18th century had done little to change this.

Political forces such as the Enlightenment, Natural Law, and the American War of Independence also provoked the French Revolution by inspiring the citizens’ notions of liberty, equality, and fraternity. This was coupled with the increasing power of the bourgeoisie, who sought to overthrow the centuries-old feudal system in favor of a more egalitarian and meritocratic society.

All of these factors and the financial crisis of 1789 merged to create the perfect storm that ultimately led to the French Revolution and social reform.

The Estates General

The Estates General was an important moment in the French Revolution when the three estates of the country came together seeking to resolve the growing economic and social inequality. This gathering of the privileged and unprivileged was a protest against the aristocracy and paved the way for social change.

During this time, the Estates General has divided into three distinct groups; the first estate comprised the clergy, the second estate was the nobility, and the third estate included everyone else. These three estates were responsible for voting on tax reforms to relieve the people’s financial burden. However, the two privileged estates had greater voting power, thus making it difficult to pass any change.

As a result, those in the third estate, including the oppressed peasantry, began to organize and protest, demanding an equal voting system. This protest ultimately led to the dissolution of the Estates General and the adoption of a system of direct taxation on all citizens, regardless of their social class.

This was a significant step toward greater social equality and a reminder of how effective protest and social change can be.

The National Assembly

The French Revolution of 1789 is one of the most significant events in history — inspiring the overthrowing of oppressive governments and new civil rights movements. During that time, the National Assembly was formed.

This legislative body comprised aristocrats, clergy, and commoners and played a critical role in the French Revolution. The National Assembly passed a series of reforms that changed the French government system, laws, and taxation.

These reforms included the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, which marked a major milestone in civil rights history. As the National Assembly was more democratic than the previous government, it paved the way for greater representation in the government and the development of civil rights.

This period is renowned for its impact on the French Revolution and civil rights and is an example of how protest and reform can lead to lasting change.

The Storming of the Bastille

On July 14, 1789, an iconic event occurred that would forever shape the course of French history: the Storming of the Bastille. This event marked the start of the French Revolution and signaled the beginning of a new era of politics, with the people taking control of their destinies.

Storming of the Bastille, Source: Thoughtco.com

It began with an angry crowd gathering outside the walls of the Bastille prison, demanding the release of the political prisoners held within. The crowd grew larger and larger, and the tension built until finally, the drawbridge was lowered, and the revolutionaries stormed the prison.

The Bastille represented the monarchy’s power, and in taking it down, the revolutionaries symbolically unseated the monarchy. This event set in motion a series of events that would ultimately lead to the downfall of the monarchy, ushering in a new age of democracy and liberty.

The Storming of the Bastille was a pivotal moment in the French Revolution. Its legacy of open protest for political change has been felt throughout the centuries, showing that protest can lead to lasting change. The Storming of the Bastille has left a lasting legacy, showing how the French Revolution and politics are intertwined.

Abolition of Feudalism

The French Revolution was a period of immense social and political upheaval that drastically changed the course of French history, with the abolition of feudalism as one of its most dramatic outcomes. The causes of the French Revolution protest were a desire to overturn the existing social order and gain political representation.

Feudalism in France before the Revolution, Source: History Crunch

Through the Revolution, the French peasantry and middle class could make their voices heard, ending feudalism, which had kept the majority of the population in absolute poverty for centuries. The abolition of feudalism was an immense shift in France’s political and economic landscape, as it meant that the peasantry and middle class were no longer bound to their lords and could enjoy a level of economic and social freedom previously impossible.

This change was also a crucial step in increasing the power of the French people, as they now had a greater say in the country’s political decisions. The abolishment of feudalism was just one of the many changes brought about by the French Revolution, yet it remains one of its most significant and lasting impacts.

Rise of New Political System

The French Revolution was a period of profound transformation in France, spurring lasting change in the country’s political and social landscape. A wave of protest, spurred by the mounting discontent of the populace, swept away the oppressive, monarchical system and replaced it with a new political system.

People across the country, who had been systematically oppressed under the monarchy, took to the streets to demonstrate their collective grievances, leading to a fundamental shift in how power was distributed. The French Revolution and protest thus paved the way for measures such as the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen, greater representation in government, and a more representative system of governance.

The Revolution marked the end of a long period of despotism and opened the door to a more just and equitable society. The uprising was a powerful example of how protest can lead to lasting change.

Reign of Terror

During the French Revolution, the Reign of Terror was a time of great chaos and violence marked by public executions, such as the guillotine and terror. It was a time of immense suffering for regular citizens, many of whom were killed in the chaos and violence of the Revolution.

Execution by Guillotine in the Place de la Revolution, Source: WorldHistory.org

The Reign of Terror was a tumultuous period of history and is still studied and discussed today. Its effects on the French people and their journey to democracy were significant and long-lasting.

Although it was a dark time, it was also a period of great change and showed how powerful protest could be. It showed that the people of France had the power to create lasting change and that this could be achieved through protest and Revolution.

The Reign of Terror was a difficult and painful time for the French. Still, it also showed how effective protest and Revolution can be when transforming society, and it helped lay the foundation for the French Revolution and democracy.

The Napoleonic Era

The Napoleonic Era was a major turning point in the history of the French Revolution. Following the Revolution’s overthrow of the monarchy, Napoleon Bonaparte rose to power and became the Emperor of France.

Battle of Valmy, War of the First Coalition. Source: Thoughtco.com

He quickly imposed a series of sweeping reforms, including a new legal code, the Napoleonic Code, that would shape the modern French state. His reign also saw the advancements of democracy, with the creation of the new French Republic in 1804 that granted universal male suffrage.

Napoleon’s legacy regarding the French Revolution and democracy is a subject of much debate, with historians divided on his role in promoting the ideals of the Revolution. On the one hand, his reforms helped to further the goal of creating a more egalitarian society.

On the other, his rule was characterized by authoritarianism, resulting in repression and turmoil. Ultimately, the Napoleonic Era was a complex chapter in the history of the French Revolution, one that will continue to be discussed and analyzed for years to come.

Impact on Europe

The French Revolution of 1789 began with a call for change from the people of France, leading to an upheaval that forever changed the course of European history. The causes of the French Revolution are varied and complex but primarily revolve around the inequitable social and economic structure which had long existed in the country.

Political tensions, exacerbated by a weak monarchy, the rising costs of food, and a system of taxation that favored the nobility, all contributed to the conditions that sparked the Revolution. The ideological support of the middle classes was essential for the Revolution’s success, and their protests ultimately brought down the French monarchy.

The impact of the French Revolution was dramatic and far-reaching, with revolutions and reform occurring in many other European countries in its wake. The Napoleonic Wars had a lasting influence on the continent’s power structure and national borders, while the ideals of the Revolution, such as liberty, equality, and fraternity, continue to be embraced as guiding principles of many modern democracies.

The French Revolution is a powerful reminder of how protest and reform can lead to lasting change.

Revolutionary Symbolism

The French Revolution of 1789 is one of the defining moments of world history, and its impact on French society and the world’s political landscape is immeasurable. Much of this influence was rooted in the Revolution’s powerful symbolism.

From the guillotine to the tricolore, the French Revolution and its participants used powerful visual cues to inspire unity and foster a sense of shared political identity. For example, the storming of the Bastille became a powerful symbol of rebellion against the monarchy. At the same time, the tricolor was adopted as the new national flag, representing the unity of the nation’s three core colors: blue, white, and red.

However, the most iconic symbol of the Revolution was undoubtedly the guillotine, used to carry out mass executions and capture the public’s attention in a way no other image could. This image of death was so powerful that it was adopted worldwide as a symbol of the French Revolution and its impact.

Execution by Guillotine in the Place de la Revolution, Source: WorldHistory.org

Protest Tactics

The French Revolution of 1789 is one of the most iconic revolutions in history and with good reason. It was a period of political and social upheaval that ultimately led to the overthrow of the French monarchy and the establishment of a republic.

Protest tactics played an essential role in this process, from the storming of the Bastille to the infamous march on Versailles. But what tactics did the revolutionaries employ? While some protests were more violent than others, such as the storming of the Bastille and the march on Versailles, most of the activities were peaceful.

Demonstrators engaged in public marches, organized boycotts, and even used satire to mock the monarchy. This Revolution served as a model for later revolutions, such as the American Revolution, where protest tactics played a major role in the successful outcomes.

The French Revolution and Revolution have shown that if done right and with sufficient numbers, protest can lead to lasting change.

Lasting Change

The French Revolution marked a turning point in modern history, and its reforms are still echoed today. It was a movement that changed how people thought about politics and society, one that challenged the monarchy’s power and brought sweeping changes to the country.

The French Revolution began with protests and demonstrations that grew into a massive uprising against the monarchy. Its lasting changes included a new, more representative government and the abolition of the monarchy.

The Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen, drafted during this period, is considered the foundation of modern human rights law. But it wasn’t just the government that was impacted: the Revolution also saw advances in education, healthcare, and agriculture.

Society, too, began to change, with an increased focus on the importance of individual liberty and freedom of thought. Although the French Revolution was a period of great upheaval, it nevertheless paved the way for lasting reforms that still shape the country today.

The ‘French Revolution and reforms’ have had an immense and lasting influence on the world.

Last words

The French Revolution demonstrated that people had the power to bring about real, significant change by standing up to oppressive forces. The revolutionaries’ courage and determination inspire many and remind us that when we stand together, we can force a government to listen to our demands and make genuine reforms. We can learn from the French Revolution and the many other uprisings throughout history that the power of protest should never be underestimated. Protests, particularly when unified and organized, can be a powerful way to demand the rights guaranteed by our constitution and to make our voices heard. By forming a united front and exercising our right to assemble peacefully, we can ensure that our rights are respected and that justice is served.

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Humaira Naz

Author is a Researcher and Writer on Geopolitics, Information Technology, and Autism.